The Biochemistry of Root Vegetables: Red Beetroot, Betalain Pigments, and the Nitrate-Nitric Oxide Pathway
Beta vulgaris L. (red beetroot) occupies a unique niche across food technology and exercise physiology by operating through dual biochemical axes. On one hand, it synthesizes nitrogenous heterocyclic betalain pigments (which replace anthocyanins in the order Caryophyllales as potent free…